Excalibur (Sword)

"There, with the last of his strength, he thrust his sword into a rock. If his lineage was ever questioned, this would form a test. Only a true king of Camelot could pull the weapon free."

- Merlin describes Excalibur

Excalibur was the finest sword ever crafted by the blacksmith Tom. It was burnished in the breath of the Great Dragon at the request of Merlin, and as such had the power to slay anything, mortal or magical, living or dead. The Dragon originally agreed to burnish it with the condition that it would only be used by Arthur Pendragon, and warned that its great power could also do great evil in the wrong hands. Twice, Merlin hid the sword where no one could wield it: the first time at the bottom of the Lake of Avalon, and the second lodged in a stone, where Arthur later retrieved it as part of Merlin's plot to restore his self confidence.

Creation and Concealment
When Arthur challenged Tristan de Bois (Ygraine's brother, who had been resurrected as a wraith) to a duel, Merlin went to the library to search for information on weapons that could kill the undead. He was assisted by Geoffrey of Monmouth, who told him a fable about an ancient sword that had been begotten in a dragon's breath. The story gave Merlin an idea, and he went to his friend Guinevere and asked her for the strongest sword her father had ever made. Gwen gave it to him, (presumably because she knew he wanted it for Arthur), and Merlin then took the sword to the Great Dragon to be burnished in its breath.

The Dragon was reluctant at first, but eventually agreed to burnish it if Merlin would promise that the sword would be wielded by Arthur, and Arthur alone. Unbeknownst to Merlin, however, Uther and Gaius had carried out their own plan to save Arthur's life by conspiring to drug him. Consequently, it was Uther - not Arthur - who wielded the sword against Tristan de Bois. The king ultimately defeated the wraith, and later said that the sword was the finest he'd ever used. The Dragon was furious when he learned that Uther had wielded the sword, stating that in his hands it would bring only evil. Because the sword could not be destroyed, he ordered Merlin to take it far away from Camelot, to a place where no mortal man would ever find it. Eager to make up for his mistake, Merlin retrieved the sword from the armoury and cast it into the Lake of Avalon, where it remained for the next three years (Excalibur).

Retaking Camelot
When Morgause and Morgana conquered Camelot with their immortal army, Merlin, Arthur, and their allies were forced to go into hiding. Merlin took with him the Avalon Vial given to him by the Fisher King, which he had been told would provide help for him in Albion's time of need. But though he experimented with the vial using his magic and various spells, whatever help it could provide remained a mystery until he accidentally broke it, allowing the water it contained to form a small puddle in a crevice of rock.

Through this puddle Merlin was able to contact his deceased lover Freya, who explained that the Cup of Life had not only made Morgana's army immortal but transformed them into the living dead, and there was only one thing that could slay that which was already dead: the sword Excalibur, which Merlin had hidden at the bottom of the Lake of Avalon. As per her instructions, the next day Merlin asked the dragon Kilgharrah to take him to the Lake of Avalon, where Freya retrieved the sword from its resting place and returned it to him.

Merlin later wielded the sword during Arthur's bid to free his father from Camelot's dungeons. He and Lancelot were given the task of disabling the warning bell, though in reality they were actually planning to find and empty the Cup of Life. Merlin used the sword to killed several soldiers during their search for the Cup, and later used it to knocked the Cup from its stand, spilling the blood it contained and destroying the immortal army. When he'd taken Merlin to retrieve the sword from the lake, the Dragon had repeated his warning that in the wrong hands the sword could cause great evil. He made Merlin promise him that once its task was complete he would find a new place for it, one where no one could wield it. After Camelot was retaken, Merlin kept this promise by taking the sword into the forest and using his magic to thrust it into a large stone (The Coming of Arthur).

The Sword in the Stone
One year later, when Morgana and her ally Helios launched a surprise attack on Camelot, Merlin and Arthur (and the people of Camelot) were once again forced to flee. They eventually made their way to Ealdor in the company of Tristan and Isolde, smugglers that they had sought refuge with during their journey, but were soon forced to flee from there as well after a patrol led by Agravaine discovered their trail.

Disheartened by the betrayal of his uncle, the previous betrayal of his sister, and Tristan's repeated taunts, Arthur lost confidence in himself and came to the conclusion that he didn't deserve to be king. To restore his confidence, Merlin (with the help of Kilgharrah) located the rest of Camelot's survivors and gathered them together at the stone where he'd hidden the sword. He brought Arthur there the next day, and as they walked he told him a story about his ancestor, the first King of Camelot. Then, he added his own tale: that when the king was dying, he thrust his sword into a stone. That way, if his lineage were ever questioned the sword would form a test, as it could only be pulled free by a true King of Camelot. At Merlin's insistence, Arthur tried to remove the sword but failed. Merlin then told him to have faith, to believe that he was destined to be Albion's greatest king and that nothing could stand in his way. Once he was sure that Arthur did believe in himself, Merlin used his magic to free the sword and Arthur successfully drew it from the stone before all of Camelot's survivors. He later wielded the sword during his bid to retake the kingdom from Morgana (The Sword in the Stone).

With Its Rightful Owner
Excalibur was briefly seen during Mordred's knighting ceremony, when Arthur used it to appoint him a Knight of Camelot (Arthur's Bane).

Merlin (disguised as Dragoon the Great) took Excalibur with him when he confronted the Dochraid. He went to her seeking information on how he might free Guinevere from the Teine Diaga. When the Dochraid refused to cooperate, he used the sword to threaten her and then to slash her arm, which prompted her to tell him what he needed to know. Later, when the Dochraid used her magic to throw a dagger at him as he was leaving, Merlin repelled it with his own magic and then stabbed the creature with the sword, badly injuring her (With All My Heart).

Battle at Camlann and Aftermath
Excalibur was Arthur's weapon of choice during the Battle of Camlann. He killed many Saxons with it, including the traitor Mordred, though not before the former knight had managed to stab him with his own sword. Like Excalibur, it too had been forged in a dragon's breath, and the wound it dealt was a fatal one. The true Excalibur was later retrieved by Merlin when he carried Arthur off the battlefield.

When it was determined that Arthur's wound could only hope to be healed by the Sidhe, Merlin took Excalibur with them on their journey to the Lake of Avalon. They were confronted along the way by Morgana, who attacked Merlin with her magic and taunted Arthur about his impending death. Before she could do anything more, however, she discovered that Merlin had not been harmed by her attack and the two faced off. Confident that no mortal blade could kill her, Morgana made no move to defend herself and was subsequently killed when Merlin used Excalibur to run her through.

Though they weren't far from their destination at the time of Morgana's attack, the delay in their journey was a costly one, and Arthur ultimately died before they could reach the Lake of Avalon. Heartbroken, Merlin cast Excalibur back into the lake and watched as it was caught in the hand of his deceased lover Freya, who drew it back under the water to await Arthur's prophesied return (The Diamond of the Day).

Abilities
Because it was burnished in a dragon's breath, Excalibur has the power to kill anything, mortal or magical, living or dead. These abilities were demonstrated numerous times, including when Uther used it to kill the wraith Tristan de Bois (Excalibur), and when Merlin used it to battle Morgana's immortal soldiers (The Coming of Arthur), injure the Dochraid (With All My Heart), and kill Morgana (The Diamond of the Day).

Even without its magical properties, Excalibur was known to be an exceptionally fine blade. It was the strongest sword ever forged by the blacksmith Tom, and both Uther and Arthur have remarked on its craftsmanship. After using it to kill Tristan de Bois, Uther commented that it was one of the finest swords that he'd ever used (Excalibur), and Arthur was similarly impressed when he used it for the first time (The Sword in the Stone).

In The Legend
In some of the earliest versions of the legend (such as Geoffrey of Monmouth's), the sword is called Caliburn. The name later morphs into Excalibur. Initially, Excalibur was the same sword that Arthur pulled from the Stone to assert his rightful place as heir to Uther Pendragon and King of Britain. In later legend, the Sword in the Stone and Excalibur became differentiated. The Sword in the Stone became identified with Arthur's peace-sword Clarent, while Excalibur, his war-sword, was given to him during his reign as king by the Lady of the Lake. In these legends, Arthur instructs a knight, either Griflet or Bedivere, to deliver the sword back to the Lake upon his death. The Dragon ordering Merlin to dispose of the sword, and Merlin choosing to throw the weapon into a Lake, mirrors the legends.

In the legends, Merlin places Excalibur in an anvil on a stone, and says that whoever pulled out the sword would be the rightful King of Britain. People from all over the land try to do it, but none can. At a tournament, serving as his adoptive brother Kay's squire, Arthur pulls Excalibur from the anvil and gives it to Kay as a replacement for the sword that was stolen. Kay tries to take credit for the sword, but none believe him, and with Merlin's help Arthur becomes king.

In another telling, the sword in the stone and Excalibur are different blades. Excalibur is given to Arthur from the Lady of the Lake after he loses his first one. Excalibur is crafted only for Arthur in Avalon, and with it he is invincible, and he also gets a scabbard that keeps him from being wounded as long as he wore it, which Morgan Le Fay steals from Arthur, resulting in him being fatally wounded in the Battle of Camlann.

Appearances

 * Series 1
 * Excalibur


 * Series 3
 * The Coming of Arthur: Part Two


 * Series 4
 * The Darkest Hour: Part One
 * The Sword in the Stone: Part Two


 * Series 5
 * Arthur's Bane: Part Two
 * With All My Heart
 * The Diamond of the Day: Part Two

Trivia

 * Excalibur was never referred to by its name in the series.
 * Excalibur has been used by three different people: first by Uther in 1x09, then by Merlin in 3x13 (and again in both 5x09 and 5x13), and lastly by Arthur from 4x13 onward.
 * Merlin, Kilgharrah, Uther, Gaius, Gwen, and Lancelot are the only characters who knew of the sword's existence before Arthur pulled it from the stone.
 * Excalibur also appeared in Morgana's dream of Emrys in 4x01.
 * Excalibur was often described as a flaming sword when it was used in combat. Morgana's setting fire to Arthur's original sword in 4x05 may have been a reference to that part of the legend.
 * Morgana's use of Aithusa's breath to forge a sword in 5x12 may be a reference to her making a "false Excalibur" to bring about Arthur's downfall in the legends.